Jim Percival, technical director at Palace Chemicals, considers the importance of smoothing and levelling compounds in achieving a successful tiling finish
Possibly the most important phase in a successful tiling project is the surface preparation stage. Smoothing and levelling compounds play a key role in achieving the desired tiling finish. This applies irrespective of whether we are talking about installing ceramic, porcelain, or natural stone tiles. Uneven surfaces can lead to cracked tiles, poor adhesion, and an unprofessional finish. That is why levelling is important in so many tiling projects.
Levelling compounds are specially formulated to create a smooth, flat, and stable surface, on which to bed the tiled finish. They can be used on concrete, sand and cement screeds, timber floors, and existing substrates that may contain dips, ridges, or imperfections. Most modern compounds are self-smoothing, meaning they naturally flow across the floor to create an even finish with minimal manual effort.
There are different types of smoothing and levelling compounds available depending on the project requirements. Fibre-reinforced products provide additional flexibility and strength for timber or underfloor heating systems. For projects where sustainability is of concern, there are now products available to tilers which contain proportions of recycled material.
Preparation is an important concern when using levelling compounds, since the surface must be clean, dry and free from dust, grease or loose material. Priming is essential to improve adhesion and prevent rapid moisture loss prior to levelling . Once mixed to the correct consistency, the leveller can be spread using a trowel, levelling gauge rake and spiked roller. Depending on the requirements of the job and the manufacturer’s instructions, the leveller can be applied in depths ranging from feather edge to several centimetres, to accommodate variations in the underlying substrate.
Use of the correct levelling and smoothing compounds will ensure improved tile performance, as tiles installed on a level surface are less likely to crack or lift over time. Adhesive coverage is also more consistent, which strengthens the bond between the tile and substrate. In addition, a level floor creates a cleaner and more visually appealing finish, particularly when using large format tiles where unevenness can make it nearly impossible to achieve the desired finish.
Modern levelling compounds are designed for efficiency and reliability. Many products offer rapid curing times, high compressive strength and compatibility with underfloor heating systems. This makes them suitable for both residential and commercial environments, including kitchens, bathrooms, retail spaces and offices.
